PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND THE PROGRAM OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT IN EARLY ADOLESCENCE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the psychological features of emotional intelligence development of the person of early youth. The results of empirical research and the program of emotional intelligence development of high school students are presented. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate, empirically investigate and propose a psychological and pedagogical program for the development of emotional intelligence of early adolescents. The objectives of the study are to conduct a theoretical analysis of the problem of emotional intelligence of the individual; empirically investigate the psychological features of the development of emotional intelligence of high school students; develop, implement and determine the effectiveness of a psychological program for the development of emotional intelligence in early adolescence. The research methods that have been used are: “Diagnosis of the level of emotional intelligence” K. Hall test; “Diagnosis of the level of empathy” I.M. Yusupov; “EPI Personal Questionnaire” by G. Eisenko; “Test-questionnaire to determine self-identity” V.V. Stolin, S.R Pantileev; “Study of socio-psychological adaptation of K. Rogers-R. Diamond”; questionnaire “Scale of family adaptation and cohesion” by D. Olson, J. Portner, I. Lavi (adapted by M. Perre). It has been found that most of the high school students studied have a low level of development of emotional intelligence and its components. They can be described as having a low level of awareness, low self-esteem and poor self-emotions. They are quite emotionally vulnerable to external influences, too concerned about various life circumstances; it is not easy for them to withstand the pressure of others, it is difficult to make important decisions, adhere to the plan to achieve the goal. Based on the results of the observational experiment, a program for the development of emotional intelligence in early adolescence was developed and implemented. Its effectiveness is confirmed by the positive dynamics of both general indicators of levels of emotional intelligence in high school students and its individual components: emotional awareness, self-control of emotional manifestations, empathy, development of self-awareness and self-motivation.

References

1. Ayzenk, G.YU., & Ayzenk M.U. (2001). Issledovaniya chelovecheskoy psikhiki.[Studies of the human psyche]. Mosсow : EKSMO-Press [in Russian]. 
2. Andreyeva, I.N. (2012). Azbuka emotsional'nogo intellekta [The ABC of Emotional Intelligence]. Sankt-Peterburg : BKHV-Peterburg [in Russian].
3. Andreyeva, I.N. (2011). Emotsional'nyy intellekt kak fenomen sovremennoy psikhologii [Emotional intelligence as a phenomenon of modern psychology]. Novopolotsk : PGU [in Russian].
4. Bantysheva, O.O. (2020). Teoretychne obgruntuvannya, zmist ta rezulʹtaty aprobatsiyi psykholohichnoyi prohramy rozvytku emotsiynoho intelektu osib yunatsʹkoho viku, skhylʹnykh do viktymnoyi povedinky [Theoretical substantiation, content and results of approbation of the psychological program of development of emotional intelligence of adolescents prone to victim behavior]. Teoriya i praktyka suchasnoyi psykholohiyi – Theory and Practice of Modern Psychology, 1(1), 134–139 [in Ukrainian].
5. Bebchuk, M.A., & Rikhmayer, Ye.A. (2012). Prakticheskaya psikhodiagnostika sem'i: metodicheskoye posobiye s prilozheniyami [Practical psychodiagnostics of the family: a methodological guide with applications]. Moscow : ID: “Bionika” [in Russian].
6. Berns, R. (1986). Razvitiye YA-kontseptsii i vospitaniye [Self-concept development and education.]. Moscow : Izdatel'stvo Progress [in Russian].
7. Vetrova, I.I. (2012). Emotsional'nyy intellekt v podrostkovom i rannem yunosheskom vozraste [Emotional intelligence in adolescence and early adolescence]. In L. Zhuravlev & V.A. Kol'tsova (Eds.), Razvitiye psikhologii v sisteme kompleksnogo chelovekoznaniya – Psychology in the System of Complex Human Science, 2, 271–274 [in Russian].
8. Vlasova, O.I. (2005). Psykholohiya sotsialʹnykh zdibnostey: struktura, dynamika, chynnyky rozvytku [Psychology of social abilities: structure, dynamics, factors of development]. Kyiv : Vydavnycho-polihrafichnyy tsentr «Kyyivsʹkyy universytet» [in Ukrainian].
9. Glukhanyuk, N.S. (2005). Praktikum po psikhodiagnostike: ucheb.posobiye [Workshop on psychodiagnostics: textbook] (2nd ed.). Moscow : Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo psikhologo-sotsial'nogo instituta [in Russian].
10. Goulman, D. (2011). Emotsional'nyy intellekt [Emotional Intelligence](A.P. Isayev, Trans.). Moscow : AST, Astrel' [in Russian]. 
11. Goulmen, D., Boyatsis, R., & Makki, E. (2005). Emotsional'noye liderstvo: iskusstvo upravleniya lyud'mi na osnove EI [Emotional Leadership: The Art of Managing People Based on EI]. Moscow : Al'pina Biznes Buks [in Russian].
12. Derevyanko, S., Prymak, Yu., & Yushchenko I. (2018). Rolʹ emotsiynoho intelektu v zapobihanni viktymnosti molodi [The role of emotional intelligence in preventing youth victimhood]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 9-10, 44–51 [in Ukrainian].
13. Ilin, Ye.P. (2013). Psikhologiya pomoshchi. Al'truizm, egoizm, empatiya [Psychology of help. Altruism, selfishness, empathy]. Sankt-Peterburg : Piter [in Russian].
14. Ilin, Ye.P. (2001). Emotsii i chuvstva [Emotions and feelings]. Sankt-Peterburg : Piter [in Russian].
15. Karpov, A.V., & Petrovskaya A.S. (2006). Problemy emotsional'nogo intellekta v paradigme sovremennogo metakognitivizma [Emotional intelligence problems in the paradigm of modern metacognitivism]. Vestnik integrativnoy psikhologii – Bulletin of integrative psychology, 4, 42–47 [in Russian].
16. Lemak, M.V., & Petryshche, V.Yu. (2012). Psykholohu dlya roboty. Diahnostychni metodyky [Psychologist for work. Diagnostic techniques]. Uzhhorod : Vydavnytstvo Oleksandry Harkushi [in Ukrainian].
17. Lyusin, D.V. (2004). Sovremennyye predstavleniya ob emotsional'nom intellekte [Modern concepts of emotional intelligence]. In V. Lyusin & D.V. Ushakov (Eds.), Sotsial'nyy intellekt: Teoriya, izmereniya, issledovaniya – Social Intelligence: Theory, Measurements, Research, 29–36 [in Russian].
18. Morhun, V.R. (2010). Emotsiynyy intelekt u bahatovymirniy strukturi osobystosti [Emotional intelligence in the multidimensional structure of personality]. Postmetodyka – Postmethodology, 6(97), 2–14 [in Ukrainian].
19. Maksymenko, S.D. (2016). Ponyattya osobystosti u psykholohiyi [The concept of personality in psychology]. Psykholohiya i osobystistʹ – Psychology and Personality, 1, 11–17 [in Ukrainian]. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Psios_2016_1_3
20. Rodionova, A. (2013). Issledovaniye osobennostey emotsional'nogo intellekta lits, imeyushchikh internet-addiktsii [Investigation of the peculiarities of the emotional intelligence of persons with Internet addictions]. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovaniya: zhurnal – Prospects for Science and Education: Journal, 12(32) [in Russian].
    Retrieved from http://web.snauka.ru/issues/2013/12/29859
21. Stavytska, S.O. (2008). Sotsialʹno-psykholohichni problemy stanovlennya ta rozvytku osobystosti v yunatsʹkomu vitsi [Socio-psychological problems of formation and development of personality in adolescence]. Lyudyna i polityka. Ukrayinsʹkyy sotsialʹno-humanitarnyy naukovyy zhurnal – Man and politics. Ukrainian Socio-Humanitarian Scientific Journal, 2, 77–89 [in Ukrainian].
22. Chebykin, Oleksiy. (2020). Emotsiynyy intelekt, yoho piznavalʹno-myslennyevi oznaky ta funktsiyi [Emotional intelligence, its cognitive-mental features and functions]. Nauka i osvita – Science and Education, 1, 19–28 [in Ukrainian].
    Retrieved from https://scienceandeducation.pdpu.edu.ua/articles/2020-1-doc/2020-1-st3
23. Bar-On, (1997). Emotional Intelligence Inventory (EQ-i): тechnical Manual. Toronto, Canada : Multi-Health Systems.
24. Chebykin, O.Ya., & Kosianova, O.Yu.(2016). Deceitfulness According. To the Indicators of Emotional Maturity Methodology and Polygraph Examination. Science and Education, 2–3, 106–109.
25. Mayer J.D., Di Paolo, M., & Salovey, P. (1990). Perceiving affective content in ambiguous visual stimuli: a component of emotional intelligence. Journal of Personality Assessment, 54(3,4), 772–781.
26. Mayer, J. (2005). Emotional intelligence: Popular or scientific psychology. Retrieved from http://www.apa. org/monitor/sep99/