History of vocal and choir education in educational establishments of Ukraine in X–XVIII-th centuries
Keywords:
arts education; educational establishments; choral singing teaching; secular and church choir; Ukrainian singing cultureAbstract
Studding of the history of singing and choral education in various establishments of Left-Bank Ukraine (of X-XVIII centuries) is necessary for using this information in the context of training arts teachers in modern Ukrainian institutions of pedagogical education. Is analysed historical, pedagogical and art scholar works the article reveals the peculiarities of the formation of vocal and choral education in the in the dynamics of the historical perspective. It is shown with complex socio-cultural transformation of that period. Vocal and choral education of Ukraine has undertaken a long and complicated way in its development. Taking into account the chronological sequence of historical epochs, the author of the study characterizes the stylistic features (Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo) of the vocal and choral education of Ukraine which were greatly influenced by social and historic conditions. The paper is researching the development of vocal and choral education in two directions: one is impact of Ukrainian folk art (folklore); the second one – as an effect of the forming of professional art. Educational institutions of Ukraine in the X-XVIII-th were parochial school, religious schools and theological seminaries, special musical schools, brethren schools, collegiums, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. In the basis of the formation and development of ukrainian folk art was the calendar ceremonial folklore, household and calendar songs (carols, "shchedrivka", "hayivka", "vesnianka", Kupala-song and other family-, wedding-, funeral-). That were accompanied by choir singing. The main characteristic feature of the formation of Ukrainian professional art was vocal-choral education in parochial, convent, brethren schools and collegiums. There the consistency was in the base, it was meant to strict compliance with special requirements for admission to schools – "possession of a clean and beautiful voice" as a compulsory participation in choirs. Traditions of vocal and choral education of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy had a profound influence for other cultural and educational centres formed in the cities of Left-Bank Ukraine. It were collegiums (higher educational institutions) founded ed in Chernihiv (1700-1776), in Kharkiv (1721), in Pereiaslav (1738). This historical experience of the development of vocal and choral education in different educational institutions of Ukraine was become an internal pivot for professional qualities, professional competence, pedagogical skills and spiritual culture of art teachers in the modern teaching. So, the historical consciousness itself defines value orientations of culture and it has a significant significance for modern reforms of education in Ukraine.
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