MAIN THEORIES OF AGGRESSION AND FRUSTRATION: CAUSES AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM

Abstract

This article explores theoretical approaches to the study of the complex and multifaceted phenomena of aggression and frustration. It highlights theoretical frameworks for examining the psychological content of these concepts, the formation and essence of these phenomena, and the identification of similarities and differences between aggression and frustration. Particular attention is paid to the investigation of the mechanisms of occurrence and the interrelationship of these phenomena within the context of various psychological schools, including psychoanalysis (S. Freud), behaviorism (L. Berkowitz), and cognitive psychology (A. Bandura, A. Buss). The article reviews the key theories of aggression and frustration that exist in contemporary psychological science, and separately examines diverse approaches to the interpretation of the frustration phenomenon. Core tenets of the theory of aggression instinct, frustration-aggression, social learning, cognitive theory of aggression, and others are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the study of the phenomenon of frustration in the context of J. Dollard's goal-blocking theory, John B. Rotter's expectancy theory, and E. Erikson's imbalance theory. The contemporary, actualized neurobiological approach, which involves identifying brain structures responsible for reactive and proactive aggression, is considered. The importance of event interpretation, individual differences, and the necessity of accounting for the sociocultural context in the analysis of aggression are underscored. The conclusions of the article prove the complexity and multifaceted nature of aggression and frustration phenomena, as well as the importance of further research to develop effective strategies to prevent and correct destructive behavior. The necessity for methodological pluralism and integration of knowledge from various fields, such as psychology, sociology, and neurobiology, is stressed to achieve a deeper understanding of the causes and mechanisms of aggression, as well as methods for its mitigation, thereby contributing to the creation of a safer and more harmonious society.

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