Influence of the Electoral Process on the Mechanisms of the Incorporation of the Political-Power Elites in Ukraine

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the Institute of elections and the influence of the electoral system on the formation of the political elite directly through parliamentary elections. Elections are the main mechanism in a democratic society, through which the process of rotation and recruitment of the personal composition of the ruling political elite is regularly carried out. Such concepts as «conventional electoral technologies», which are slogans, brands, and sociological data, rather than election programs, and «preventive electoral system» – when a political party and social elevators are created, which should play by the rules of a financial-industrial group, are considered. It was found that in the electoral cycles of 2014 and 2019, such advantages were used as incorrectly executed documents or a declaration was drawn up, the courts rejected claims and delayed cases, and the complete lack of response of territorial election commissions to complaints. It is analyzed that changes in the electoral system affect the incorporation of the political-power elites of Ukraine. In particular, it is established that changes in the electoral system occur during the term of office of each President of Ukraine. The factors influencing the formation of the political elite – financial-industrial groups, proximity to the ruling party-are identified. The recent presidential and parliamentary campaigns of 2019 were driven by an update against old politicians and for new faces in power. As a result, the political party «Servant of the People» became the ruling party in the Parliament and formed a monomajority. In conclusion, it is stated that the optimal parliamentary electoral system for Ukrainian realities is a proportional system with open party lists, which will promote regional representation in Parliament. The article analyzes the practical experience of forming the Parliament during the period of state independence.