Науковий часопис Українського державного університету імені Михайла Драгоманова. Серія 12. Психологічні науки
В науковому фаховому періодичному виданні презентуються результати вивчення актуальних теоретичних і методологічних проблем психологічної науки; нові результати емпіричних досліджень у галузі психології. Розкриваються актуальні питання загальної, вікової, педагогічної та соціальної психології, психології особистості, психодіагностики, консультативної психології, психотерапії тощо.
Український державний університет імені Михайла Драгоманова
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF CONSULTING BASED ON GATI CAREER DECISION-MAKING PROFILES
The article focuses on the analysis and application of Gati career decision-making profiles in the field of career consulting, evaluating their significance and effectiveness in the context of modern professional consulting. The main goal is to explore the potential for adaptation and adjustment of profile polarities through a wide range of career counseling practices aimed at different target groups and needs. The main goal of the study is to provide a comprehensive list of career consulting strategies that can influence the change in the polarities of Gati career decision-making profiles, and thus contribute to a more effective career decision-making process by individuals. To achieve the goal, a complex methodological approach was used, which included both a critical review of the existing scientific literature on this topic and a synthesis of the data obtained from this analysis. This made it possible to comprehensively evaluate the current state of research in the field of career consulting and determine effective approaches and methods. The analysis of scientific works on career literature made it possible to identify a number of innovative and effective career consulting methods that can be applied to optimize the career decision-making process. The proposed intervention strategies are aimed at increasing the collection of information and its transformation into a more analytical one, accumulating efforts invested in the process and reducing procrastination, intensifying efforts in making a final decision and increasing the desire for an ideal profession. The study emphasizes the critical importance of an individualized approach in career consulting as a key factor for the successful development of the professional trajectory of clients. Using Gati Career Decision Profiles as a basis for career consulting opens up new perspectives for improving the effectiveness of career planning and decision-making, providing valuable tools for both consultants and clients in their pursuit of professional self-improvement and fulfillment.
career choice, career decision-making profiles, vocational behavior, career counseling, career decisions, career success.
ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ADHD IN CHILDHOOD
The article examines the peculiarities of psychological methods of differential diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is defined as a complex, chronic, and heterogeneous developmental disorder that typically begins in childhood and persists into adulthood. It has been determined that ADHD is a polymorphic clinical syndrome, the basis of which is a violation of the child’s ability to control and regulate their behavior, which is manifested in motor hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder and impulsivity. The study found that ADHD remains difficult to diagnose due to the lack of specific biomarkers and specificity of symptoms, which is caused by a wide range of differential diagnosis and quite frequent correlation with other diseases. It was revealed that analyzing the psychological methods of differential diagnosis of ADHD in childhood is an important task, since this disorder can have similar symptoms in some other mental and developmental disorders. It has been established that the differential diagnosis of ADHD includes an important aspect of distinguishing this disorder from other mental and neurological conditions. Thus, it is necessary to determine the difference between ADHD and such disorders as autism spectrum disorder, intellectual development disorder, motor coordination disorder, learning disorder that is associated with development, as well as depressive and anxiety disorders, oppositional defiant and antisocial behavior disorder, etc. As a result of the research, it has been found that a combination of various psychological approaches, such as clinical observation, the use of standardized instruments and interviews, can be most effectively used for the differential diagnosis of ADHD in childhood. It has been established that a systematic and comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of ADHD in childhood avoids incorrect clinical conclusions and contributes to a balanced selection of medical interventions.
psychological methods, diagnosis, ADHD, childhood.
CAREER ADAPTABILITY IN MODERN ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
The modern professional environment is characterized by rapid changes and requires employees to be able to become career adaptable, which is proving to be a key competence for a successful career and effective work in organizations. The main goal of scientific research was to study the concept of career adaptability in the context of modern organizational psychology, through the analysis of its impact on professional development and organizational results. The analysis of theoretical works and empirical studies related to career adaptability allowed us to consider existing assessment tools and strategies for developing adaptability. The studied and considered results of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies contributed to the identification of the relationship between career adaptability and various professional and organizational outcomes. The existence of a significant positive relationship between the career adaptability of individuals and a wide range of key indicators of their professional activity and general well-being has been established. Among the results revealed, a special place is occupied by an increase in career satisfaction, an increase in the level of involvement in work, the activation of professional development processes, as well as a positive impact on individual and organizational well-being. To a large extent, the achievement of these positive results is possible due to the application of adaptive behavioral strategies that allow individuals to respond effectively to the changing conditions and challenges of the modern work environment. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that career adaptability plays the role of a key factor that determines the success of the professional development of the individual and the effectiveness of the organization as a whole. Support and active development of career adaptability should become priority directions in the activities of HR specialists, heads of organizations and developers of corporate talent management programs. This will not only contribute to increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of organizations, but will also ensure the creation of conditions for the full development of the potential of each employee in conditions of uncertainty and constant transformational processes in the modern professional world.
career adaptability, vocational behavior, career choice, employability, organizational psychology.
RISK PROPENSITY AS A PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MILITARY PERSONNEL (RELIGIOUS ASPECT)
Objective. To carry out a theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem of the relationship between risk propensity and religious beliefs of military personnel, empirically verify the presence of individual differences in indicators of the degree of an individual risk propensity tendency depending on their religious views and characterize the peculiarities of the manifestation of risk propensity tendencies of military personnel on the basis of religion. Research methods: theoretical (theoretical, methodological and comparative analysis); empirical (personal risk propensity scale to “RSK”, “Motivation to succeed” and “Motivation to avoid failure” by T. Ehlers, suicide risk questionnaire); methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U-test. and Pearson’s test). Results. It was found that among the military personnel of “atheists”, “Christians” and “pagans”, “atheists” are the most prone to risky behavior, “pagans” are the least prone. A similar trend is observed with regard to the motivation to avoid failure. In addition, the following issue was discovered: military personnel with atheist beliefs are the most motivated to achieve the set goals and at the same time, compared to their religious colleagues, have the most pronounced measure of suicidal behavioral manifestations. a similar comparison of indicators among religious servicemen proved the presence of a lower level of success motivation among “Christians” than among “pagans”, but the situation is the opposite with regard to motivation to avoid failure or a tendency to risky behavior; however, the level of motivational focus on achieving success is higher among military Christians than among military atheists. Conclusions. Risk propensity of military personnel is their individual difference and depends on religious beliefs. Belonging to a religious movement, namely the nature of religious beliefs, contributes to the adoption of more moderate decisions. In this way, religion acts as an additional element of external control, which contributes to a critical review of one’s actions and, accordingly, increases the chances of the military to survive in critical situations on the battlefield.
risk, risk propensity, suicide, religious aspect, military personnel.
PECULIARITIES OF RESISTANCE TO COMBAT STRESS IN MOBILIZED MEN DURING THE PERIOD OF MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of developing resistance to combat stress in mobilized men. Considering the current situation of martial law in Ukraine, it is extremely important to reveal the specifics of the phenomenon of resistance to combat stress, in order to develop psychological methods of its development and optimization. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic scientists, the main manifestations of stress resistance were outlined as personality properties, integrative properties, and individual abilities. Physiological and personal characteristics that ensure a person’s stress resistance are determined. The constituent components of stress resistance are outlined, which serve as a basis for mastering self-regulation skills and ensure a person's successful achievement of a goal in a difficult situation. The features of stress resistance in men who are at the stage of mobilization for army service are analyzed. According to the results of the empirical study, the dependence of the development of the level of resistance to combat stress on the period of mobilization was recorded. In particular, it was established that men who were drafted in the first year of the war in Ukraine show a higher level of work capacity under stress. They have a more pronounced tolerance to loads, they demonstrate a sufficient level of adaptability in a new social environment, team, higher efficiency in building relationships. Whereas, in the second year of the war, mobilized men had a higher moral standard and willingness to obey social norms, as well as a lower level of suicidal risk. A statistically significant discrepancy was found between the relationship between the level of readiness for combat stress and behavioral regulation and moral normativity. Prospects for further scientific investigations determined the need for conducting a broader study of the impact on the level of resistance to combat stress of such factors as: age, professional identity and type of employment, marital status of the mobilized.
stress, stress resistance, combat stress, readiness for combat stress, behavioral regulation, moral normativity, suicidal risk, military and professional orientation.
PROCESS, CONTENT, AND CONTEXTUAL APPROACHES TO CAREER CHOICE
The article is aimed to a theoretical analysis of key approaches that influence career decision-making: process, content and context. The peculiarities of interaction of these approaches and their influence on the formation of career trajectories of an individual in the modern labor market are revealed. It is important to consider how these approaches can cooperate or, in fact, come into conflict, creating a unique set of challenges and capabilities for each individual. The research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the interactions between process, content, and contextual approaches to career choice and their implications for the career decision-making process. To achieve this goal, a thorough analysis of the scientific literature is required, including a review of theoretical frameworks, analysis of empirical research and conceptual models. Existing knowledge has been systematized and promising directions for further development of process, content and contextual aspects in the field of career development have been identified. It has been revealed that the integration of process, content and contextual approaches to career choice will provide a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of career development of individuals. It is stated that the interaction between these approaches can facilitate the effective identification of professional interests and goals, as well as a better understanding of contextual barriers and opportunities. Also, potential conflicts between the internal dynamics of individuals and external ones have been identified, which emphasizes a different approach in the process of career counseling. The critical need for integration of process, content, and contextual approaches to improve career decision-making is emphasized. It has been established that this integration embraces a broad range of specific characteristics, interests, and contextual boundaries with which individuals interact. The urgency of developing comprehensive assessment tools and interventions that would cover all aspects of career choice is being discussed, which opens up new prospects for further research in this population.
career choice, vocational behavior, career choice process, career choice context, professional development.
PERSONAL REACTIONS OF WOMEN AT THE REMISSION STAGE OF CANCER DISEASE
The article presents the results of a study of the personal characteristics of female cancer survivors and the level of fear of cancer recurrence they have at the stage of remission. The results were statistically processed, the data obtained were analyzed taking into account the world experience of research in this field. The purpose of the work is to conduct a study of the personal psychological characteristics of women with cancer at the stage of cancer remission, determine the existing level of fear of cancer recurrence and identify the dominant coping strategies (coping strategies) inherent in them during remission. Methods: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization), empirical (testing, questionnaire), methods of statistical analysis of test data using IBM SPSS, analysis of the results obtained. Results: it was determined that more than half of the respondents use adaptive cognitive and emotional coping strategies, and only a third of the participants have adaptive behavioral coping strategies. Almost half of the participants demonstrated high scores on the Agreeableness and Conscientiousness scales of the Big Five questionnaire, self-control and responsibility, as well as emotional warmth and cooperation. A Pearson correlation was found between behavioral coping strategies and the level of fear of cancer recurrence, but no correlation was found with tolerance for uncertainty. At the same time, it was observed that more than half of the participants have high personal anxiety. The results of assessing the clinical level of fear of cancer recurrence according to the screening scale with the standard threshold value of the developers of the cancer recurrence fear questionnaire and the total scores of the questionnaire differ significantly from each other, so this issue requires additional study to choose a threshold value for Ukrainian realities. We can see the prospects for further research in deepening the study, in particular, by increasing the sample of subjects with the involvement of male individuals and representatives of various socio-demographic statuses with various types of oncology.
cancer, fear of cancer recurrence, psychooncology, survivorship and character traits, coping-strategies.
PRONATAL ATTITUDES OF YOUTH AS MANIFESTATION OF UKRAINIAN MENTALITY
The article highlights the peculiarities of pronatal attitudes of Ukrainian youth (in particular, the phenomenon of unplanned pregnancy), which are formed under the influence of culture and mentality. University students from the western regions of Ukraine and Belarus participated in the study. Despite the historically formed stable family- and child-oriented attitudes among those populations, significant changes in the institutional structure of both the countries and the transformation of the socio-cultural background of young people’s life style caused the changes in the pronatal behavior of women. The results obtained indicate the slight differences in the emotional response among the respondents of both subgroups to the fact of an unplanned pregnancy. The dominance of negative emotions (fear, shock, despair) expresses the psycho-traumatic nature of the situation and the need for further existential choice. We found statistically significant differences only for the emotions “joy”, “anxiety” and “panic”. It is worth highlighting the greater level of readiness of Ukrainian women to give birth to a child in comparison with the Belarusian ones (83.7% and 52.3%, respectively), whereas the medical termination of pregnancy was preferred by 16.3% of Ukrainian women and 47.7% of Belarusian women. In addition, certain differences were also found in the ranking of values related to pronatal attitudes. Ukrainian respondents can be characterized as family- and child-oriented. Among six life-determining values, the leading positions were taken by “family”, “love” and “children”, whereas for representatives of the Belarusian sample, the most prioritized values were “love” and “personal freedom”. The results obtained also indicate statistically significant differences between the samples both in terms of the level of manifestation of the general reproductive attitude and its components – genophilia/genophobia and reproductive activity/passivity. We found that Belarusian respondents were more prone to genophobia and reproductive passivity.
pronatal attitudes, reproductive attitudes, values, mentality, genophilia, genophobia.
CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT PERSONALITY RESILIENCE
The article is focused on the study of the conditions for the development of adolescent personality resilience, which contribute to the strengthening of mental stability, both in everyday life and difficult life situations. The emphasis is placed on the problems of this topic for adolescents. Based on the study of the theories and views of modern Ukrainian scientists, as well as foreign researchers, the conditions for the development of personality resilience are determined and substantiated based on the current circumstances during the period of active hostilities throughout the territory of Ukraine. The conditions for the formation of the stability of an individual’s character are considered. Adolescence as a sensitive period for the formation of personality resilience is analyzed. The concept of resilience has been clarified, since the latter is the basic lever of personal potential in certain life circumstances. At the same time, the concept of “personality” and the peculiarities of its formation are investigated. The psychological content of the internal and external conditions for the development and formation of adolescent personality is revealed. The similarity of the regularities of the justifications of Ukrainian and foreign scientists today on the subject of the internal psychological stability of the adolescent personality to the modern conditions of life, which form and lay the conditions for the development of adolescent for the future, is found. The psychological content of this problem is analyzed and the characteristic features of the phenomenon under study are determined. The research of modern American and British scientists on the conditions for the development of sustainability as external factors influencing the personality is considered. On the basis of the material studied, the author has formed her own opinion about the conditions in which the resilience of an adolescent's personality is formed as resistance to life’s trials, taking into account the current difficult life situations in Ukraine. The author offers a comprehensive vision of the conditions for the development of the vitality of the individual in its modern understanding, taking into account the military events throughout the territory of Ukraine.
vitality, personality, personality development, conditions for the development of vitality, war, adolescence.
VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF UKRAINIAN YOUTH IN THE STRUCTURE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STRATEGIES OF LIFE: A GENDER ANALYSIS
The article is focused on the analysis of value orientations of Ukrainian youth, which is a structural component of the psychological strategies of an individual’s life. Life strategy is defined as a holistic, dynamic system that includes a time perspective, a subjective base of values, meanings, beliefs, attitudes of the individuals to themselves, to the world, society, according to which goals and plans are built and implemented, contradictions and obstacles are overcome, and results are evaluated. Senior adolescence is recognized as a sensitive stage for the formation of value orientations as stable elements of life perspective. The results. In the system of value orientations of student youth, the first three positions among boys are occupied by the values “happy family life”, “health” and “freedom as independence in deeds and actions”. For girls, “love”, “happy family life” and “health” lead in the ranking of values. However, these particular needs and values turned out to be frustrating, as their desirability exceeds the possibility of accessibility for both boys and girls that causes internal conflicts. The opposite trend is observed in the group of values that took the last places in the rating: “active life”, “beauty of nature and art”, which are available, but not desirable spheres for representatives of both sexes. This tendency creates conditions for the emergence of an internal vacuum, emptiness, desolation. It was found that the students under study (regardless of gender) with a high level of inconsistency in the value-meaning sphere have a more pessimistic view of the future than those with a more balanced coherence between values and achievements. In general, value orientations in late adolescence still remain insufficiently formed, and this feature is somewhat more pronounced in boys than in girls. The development and implementation of psychological assistance strategies aimed at increasing the level of consistency of the chosen values with the individual’s achievements in the relevant field is a promising area for further work. Also, the search for personal determinants of the imbalance in the value-meaning sphere of young men and women requires closer study.
young people of late adolescence, psychological strategies of the individual’s life activities, value orientations, values, accessibility, internal conflict, internal vacuum.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS OF PEOPLE FACING ONCOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS
Objective. The article reflects the results of a theoretical review of the issue of gender differences in the perception of a person's own cancer diagnosis in domestic and foreign scientific publications. Conducting a detailed scientific and theoretical substantiation of gender differences in the psychological distress of people who have faced an oncological diagnosis will be useful for the development of appropriate psychological intervention programs to reduce the distress of cancer patients. Methods. The research include a comprehensive analysis of information on gender differences in psychological distress of the persons who faced an oncological diagnosis. A systematic review and generalization of data presented by a number of Ukrainian and foreign studies on the psychological state of cancer patients were used. Results. The results proved that the patients faced with an oncological diagnosis show a significant level of psychological distress both during diagnosis and treatment, as well as at the stage of cancer remission. We found a certain relationship between clinical and demographic characteristics. Thus, there is a correlation between the younger age of patients and a higher level of psychological distress when diagnosed with cancer. The level of distress varies in different groups of patients. Particulary, it is usually higher in those with the last stage. Some researchers have looked at specific aspects of cancer distress using the Impact of Events Scale (IES), and their findings indicate gender differences in the psychological response to cancer. The researchers also found that body appearance is determined as a great factor in the development of psychological distress. The highier distress is associated with surgical scars, weight loss, baldness, and the presence of other noticeable consequences of treatment, for example, ostomy bags in operated patients with colorectal cancer. This makes patients more prone to internal instability and provokes the development of isolation from the social environment. Gender differences in the response to cancer indicate that the response of men and women may vary, particularly in terms of the level of psychological distress and emotional responses to cancer. Women with cancer may experience greater isolation and difficulty coping with family and financial problems than men. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, it was found that psychological distress in patients with oncological diagnoses is a well-known psychological problem. Gender, as well as demographic and clinical characteristics, appeared to be important in determining the level of distress: younger women, as well as those facing more serious stages of cancer or having multiple diagnoses, are usually prone to a greater emotional reaction. The results obtained indicate the need to take into account the gender and individual characteristics of patients when developing support in psycho-oncology practice.
gender differences, psychological distress, cancer diagnosis, personal characteristics of cancer patients, psycho-oncology.
THE IMPACT OF ANTICIPATION ON THE PROCESSES OF SOLVING PROBLEM-TYPE TASKS
The article analyzes the impact of anticipation on the processes of solving problem-type problems. It is theoretically substantiated that anticipation is one of the important activity factors which motivates a person to make certain decisions with a temporal and spatial bias and act in accordance with the expected result. It has been found that the process of solving problem-type tasks is determined by specific conditions that have an impact on the formation of certain operational decision algorithms and approaches to their forecasting in the future. It is theoretically substantiated that problem-type tasks are those related to the complexity of situations arising in various spheres of human activity. It was determined that when solving problem-type tasks, anticipation, in addition to the prognostic function, has a number of functions related to the management of forecasting processes, which allows an individual to independently approach the choice of the necessary (given and sought), calculate the most successful solution options, and change independent decision algorithms by means of biased modeling of the desired perspective. The cognitive aspect of anticipation is revealed as the main mechanism for the formation of a personal coordinate system in which there is a reproduction of past events, a situational assessment of the present and the selection of the necessary methodological tools for creating different variants of anticipation schemes, or “images” of the future result. It was determined that the cognitive aspect of anticipation allows an individual not only to effectively interact with the surrounding world at the level of individual perception of information from the outside, but also to modify it with the further implementation of “new scenarios” in the process of specific activity at the level of choosing the appropriate strategy for achieving the goal. It was found that such cognitive components of the psychological complex of the personality as structuring, dynamic recognition and formation of the decision algorithm are involved in the anticipation processes, which directly participate in the processes of advanced planning of probable future outcome scenarios. It was determined that the research of anticipation at the level of collective activity can be considered promising, where there is a need for collective problem-solving at the level of taking into account and considering the opinions of all members of the team, or a management group of people involved in solving general collective problems.
problem-type task, anticipation, personality, cognitive aspect, perspective planning, decision, result.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF UKRAINIAN YOUTH IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
The article is focused on the presentation of theoretical aspects and results of an empirical study on the psychological well-being of young people in conditions of uncertainty. The content analysis of the concept of “conditions of uncertainty” was carried out and it was determined that the dynamic characteristics of human life, characterized by new, more complicated requirements of the surrounding world, the impossibility to predict the expected results of decisions and the consequences of one’s own actions that leads to the destruction of the adaptation barrier and mental maladaptation under the condition, provided that the individual has a low tolerance for uncertainty. The phenomenon of psychological well-being of the individual is analyzed. It is defined that this is a systemic quality of a person that develops and is confirmed in the course of their life activities, manifested in the experience of a meaningful direction and value of life in general as a means of achieving internal, socially oriented goals and is a condition for the realization of potential opportunities and abilities. The main goal of the empirical study described in the article is to determine the factors of psychological well-being of youth in conditions of uncertainty. The objectives of the empirical study in the article are the development and analysis of the empirical research results; identifying the level and factors of psychological well-being of youth in conditions of uncertainty. The empirical study of the factors of psychological well-being of young people in conditions of uncertainty and the conclusion that important factors of psychological and subjective well-being are the level of tolerance to uncertainty, vitality and psychological resourcefulness of young people. The results and conclusions of the empirical research presented in the article can be used for scientific and practical purposes, in psychological work with young people, in the activities of practical psychologists of crisis centers and universities.
psychological well-being, subjective well-being, psychological resourcefulness, resilience, uncertainty tolerance, uncertainty.
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF POST-TRAUMATIC GROWTH IN FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
The article aims to get a general idea of the concept of “post-traumatic growth” in psychology, get acquainted with the current scientific works of foreign scientists devoted to the study of this issue and identify the most problematic issues in the study of this phenomenon. Over the past centuries, the scientific literature in the field of mental health has mainly focused on the negative consequences of traumatic events. Only recently, the peculiarities of resilience and possible positive consequences of trauma have attracted increasing interest of scientists. This has led to the emergence of the concept of post-traumatic growth (PTG), which is defined as positive psychological changes that arise as a result of overcoming difficult life circumstances. The article analizes the scientific works that reveal the phenomenon of PTG. The main theoretical approaches to understanding post-traumatic growth have been identified. Among them are the theory of dynamic systems, the post-traumatic growth model by R. Tedeschi and L. Calhoun, the concept of S. Joseph and A. Linley, narrative transformation model by J. Pals and D. McAdams, as well as the “action-oriented growth” theory by S. Hobfall and colleagues. The focus is on five areas of life that undergo positive changes during post-traumatic growth. These include improving relationships with people, realizing new opportunities, developing a sense of inner strength, spiritual growth and increasing the value of life. It is emphasized that there is a relationship between post-traumatic growth and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is noted that these phenomena can coexist without being mutually exclusive. Social and psychological resources that play a fundamental role in the development of PTSD, contributing to the adaptation and transformation of the individual after experiencing trauma, are described. The results of the theoretical research presented in the article are useful for researchers, students, and specialists in the field of mental health care.
posttraumatic growth, psychological well-being, trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, dynamic systems theory, narrative transformation.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FEMALE LEADERS AND THE LEVEL OF THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN EMOTIONALLY SIGNIFICANT MARITAL RELATIONSHIPS
The article is aimed at the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of the female leader and the level of her involvement in emotionally significant marital relationships. To achieve the goal and implement the tasks, theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, systematization of socio-psychological literature); empirical (systematization, generalization of qualitative and quantitative research data, observations) and mathematical statistics methods (methods of comparative and percentage analyses) were used. The features of a modern female leader are studied and the significance of partner relations for her have been determined using the author’s methods. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the psychological characteristics of female leaders are considered. It has been proven that such women are assertive, have high intellectual abilities and high emotional intelligence, which in turn contributes to the achievement of their professional goals. The author’s own understanding of the concept of emotionally meaningful marital relationships is provided and substantiated, the parameters and constructs of such relationships are singled out: emotional and sensual; value-motivational; conative. Based on the results of the research, it is established that most of the women under study have indicators of the emotional and sensual parameter at medium and low levels. The exception was defined with high levels of emotional maturity. The formation of the value motivational parameter in the majority of the women under study was found to be at a sufficient level to ensure the formation of emotionally meaningful relationships, in particular, the reliable type of attachment prevails among the respondents. Determined levels of verbal/non-verbal communication and trust in the partner are at an average level and indicate sufficient formation of the conative component. Such female leaders are characterized by reflexivity, openness, constructiveness, flexibility, they have almost no continuous state of anxiety and fear of being betrayed. According to the data obtained, it is proved that the importance of the relationship with the spouse for the majority of respondents has an average level of importance, since most of the constructs of this phenomenon are at this level.
female leader, level of inclusion, emotionally significant marital relationships, emotional maturity, attachment, care, trust, empathy.
GENDER PECULIARITIES OF LIFE STRATEGIES IN THE PERIOD OF LATE ADOLESCENCE
The article is concerned with the study of the peculiarities of life strategies of student youth with regard to the gender factor. The similarities and differences of such elements of life strategies as self-image, life beliefs, attitude towards the trajectory of life (past, present, future), ways of overcoming difficulties, life supports according to the gender identity of the individual in late adolescence are described. Psychometric and projective methods were used as research methods, such as : S. Behm’s Sex-Role Questionnaire and the Method of Egocentric Associations (“Incomplete Sentence”), as well as phenomenological analysis of essays written by students of the groups studied. The results showed that most of the personality traits and behavioral characteristics were reflected by the students. They imagine: which qualities help them in life self-determination, in the realization of their own goals and plans (positive), and which hinder (negative). It is determined that the formation of the self-image among persons of late adolescence mainly matches with the gender role and the features that determine it. Young men and women of masculine sex-role identity recognize as positive those traits that contribute to achievements and success, and as negative those that hinder these achievements, regardless of their social acceptability. Feminine individuals often recognize as positive those qualities and traits that have traditionally been recognized as feminine in Ukrainian society and encouraged kindness, trust, politeness, gentleness, and the ability to love. They are sometimes defined as negative with the prefix “too much”. Students with an androgynous type of identity have more balanced characteristics of self-image, attitudes towards the past, present, and future. They also have a wider range of resistances that help them cope with the challenges of life. As a way to overcome obstacles, almost all respondents, regardless of gender, consensually accepted the strategy of “working harder and harder”, apparently not realizing the broader context of the life path taking into account their own resources. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, it is established that the process of formation strategies for the life of an individual has a connection; connection with the gender factor of personality, but not always due to it. The results obtained indicate the need to take into account the role of the gender factor in the development of programs to optimize the process of formation students’ own life strategies.
gender, gender roles, gender identity, masculinity, femininity, androgyny, self-image, life strategies.
THE PROBLEM OF PERSONALITY SUCCESS IN PSYCHOLOGY: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM
The article is focused on the theoretical analysis of approaches to study the problem of achieving success in modern psychological literature. Based on the theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem specified in psychological and pedagogical literature, the conceptual positions on the study of the concept of “personality success” are defined. The research methods used include theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison and generalization. Various approaches to the definition of the concepts of “success”, “successfulness”, “achievement of success”, as well as the issue of motivation to achieve success are compared in detail. It is noted that the problem of human success and successfulness remains insufficiently researched, and it interacts with various philosophical, psychological and pedagogical categories. The opinion is expressed that further research on this issue is extremely relevant, since the problem of forming a person’s success is often related to the level of socially significant or personal results that he achieves. The term “success” evokes various associations and is correlated with an individual system of evaluations and values. It is impossible to consider success outside of a specific type of activity, as it is always accompanied by certain achievements and gains. Thus, success and successfulness can be considered as a separate and general phenomenon. The conducted theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of success confirms its complexity and versatility. It serves as an indicator of personal achievements, provides a positive emotional background of life and directs the search for new creative forms of activity. Summarizing scientific approaches, the definition of success as a systemic phenomenon is proposed, the basis of which is the goal of achieving success and harmony in all spheres of social life through purposeful activity. On the basis of the conducted theoretical research, prospects for further research have been formed, which comprise the selection of methodical material and empirical research, with the aim of developing further recommendations to optimize the professional success of an individual.
success, successfulness, successful personality, achievement of success, motivation to achieve success.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT IN ADULTS
The article is aimed at a detailed theoretical study of the basics of the emotional intelligence development in adults. The main focus is on the key role of emotional intelligence in the psychological and social functioning of adults. The study reveals its profound impact on various aspects of the quality of life of an individual. Delving into the structure of emotional intelligence, the analysis carefully examines key components such as emotional awareness, skillful self-regulation strategies, empathic understanding, and cultivating compassion. Various factors affecting the development of emotional intelligence in adulthood, including the interaction of the social environment, family upbringing, individual personality traits and the cumulative impact of life experience, are analyzed in detail. The authors provide a comprehensive overview of theoretical approaches that highlight the nature and significance of emotional intelligence, emphasizing its key role in activating the potential for adaptive functioning and self-realization of adults in complicated situations of their professional, social, and everyday life. The conclusions of the article can be useful for researchers, practicing psychologists and specialists of various profiles, who are interested in issues of psychology, emotional intelligence, factors affecting its development in adults. Valuable insights into the specifics of the psychology of adult development and factors that contribute to their emotional well-being are offered. In general, this study not only complements the generally accepted understanding of emotional intelligence in adulthood, but also emphasizes its key role in the formation of individual well-being and social dynamics of an adult personality. Through further research and application of these concepts in the practical activities of psychological and social specialists, it becomes possible to create an environment that will promote the development of emotional intelligence, strengthen the stability of the individual, maintain the appropriate level of empathic response and satisfaction in adults.
emotional intelligence, EI, adult age, development, psychological functioning, quality of life.
CORRELATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONALITY'S COPING BEHAVIOR WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF SYMPTOMS OF ITS TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE
The article is focused on the study of the peculiarities of coping behavior of individuals with traumatic experience acquired as a result of experiencing psycho-traumatic situations of various severity and intensity in the conditions of a full-scale war. Theoretical (analysis and generalization of existing research on the problems of traumatic stress and coping), empirical (diagnostic methods) and mathematical statistics methods were applied to achieve the goal and tasks. Modern views on the concepts of trauma, psychotrauma and coping behavior (overcoming behavior) are considered. The peculiarities of individual behavior in a traumatic situation are analyzed. A significant number of links between the characteristics of coping behavior and the severity of the respondents' traumatic experience are determined. The relationship between personality coping styles with the acquired traumatic experience and its manifestations such as intrusion, avoidance, and excitability has been established. Individuals with a dominant task-oriented, “problem-solving” (problem-oriented strategy) coping style have been found to be less likely to experience subjective anxiety as a result of an acute event and show less avoidance. Conversely, individuals who rely more on emotion-oriented coping show higher symptoms of intrusion, avoidance, and excitability. The use of avoidance and distraction strategies, which are aimed at temporarily reducing the strength of stress, is ineffective and does not give the expected result when intrusion and excitability dominate as symptoms of a traumatic experience. It has been proven that coping styles are focused on solving tasks, perform a protective role and are associated with a decrease of anxiety in stressful situations, and coping styles focused on emotions are associated with greater reactions to anxiety, activating symptoms of intrusion, avoidance and excitability. Thus, problem-oriented strategies are a constructive and effective method of overcoming stress factors, while emotionally oriented coping strategies can be an ineffective coping mechanism and contribute to greater personal traumatization in stressful situations.
stress, trauma, traumatization, traumatic experience, coping strategies, personality
INCREASING MOTIVATION FOR EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES BY DIGITALIZATION MEANS
The article presents digitalization tools that are an integral part of teaching technical disciplines in higher education institutions. The advantages of digital integration of the educational process are outlined. This article also considers the range of digitalization tools that technical students use to successfully intensify their educational activities. The article is based on determining the impact of motivation by means of digitalization on the success of training technical specialties. The results of the study are based on the responses of technical education students who completed an online survey on the impact of motivation through digitalization on their academic performance. Students of technical specialties were offered a number of digitization tools that, in their opinion, have a positive effect on their acquisition of professional knowledge, skills and abilities. The analysis of the survey results with the students of technical specialties allowed us to note that the digital technologies used for the successful implementation of the educational process focus on the range from the most used, such as e-mail, to the least used, in particular the Google Docs platform. In addition, the article presents a gradation of digitalization tools that are successfully used to enhance the educational activities of students of technical specialties. The positive aspects of the use of digitalization tools in the context of their impact on the motivation of students of technical specialties are highlighted. The online survey data also showed that the use of digital technologies in education has a positive impact on the basic digital skills of technical students. It is concluded that the results of this study can provide a basis for future additional analyzes of the impact of digitalization tools on the intensification of educational activities of students of technical specialties in terms of determining their position on the specification of certain digital technologies that are crucial for them in acquiring thorough professional knowledge, skills and abilities.
digitalization, digital technologies, educational process, higher education institution, participant of the educational process, motivation.
AGGRESSION OF ADOLESCENT PERSONALITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
The article discusses theoretical approaches and analyzes the results of an empirical study of aggression and its factors in the interpersonal interaction of young Ukrainians in the context of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. A hierarchical systematization of indicators of aggressive orientation of young people towards different social subjects (in descending order of indicators) is carried out: leadership, peer behavior, behavior of strangers, parental behavior, self, formal external society. It is proved that there are gender differences in the direction of youth aggression: boys are more tolerant of their own self and the behavior of strangers and less tolerant of the behavior of peers and formal external society, compared to girls. The positive dynamics of integral empathy of adolescent personality and the dominance of prosocial behavior in interpersonal interaction are revealed. The hierarchical systematization of the frequency of manifestations of the forms of empathy of adolescent personality has the following sequence (in descending order of indicators): real assistance not to the detriment of oneself, altruism, passive empathy, compassion, anti-empathy, empathy, indifference. The gender differentiation of the manifestations of forms of integral empathy revealed the presence of higher empathy indicators in young men, their greater readiness to manifest effective forms of empathy, compared to girls. It is revealed that most adolescents in wartime have a high level of situational and personal anxiety, and their gender differences are found, in particular, boys have no indicators of low situational anxiety (they show only moderate and high levels of it), while girls have them at all levels. There are significant positive correlations between the indicators of aggression directed at leadership and indifference and situational anxiety; behavior of strangers and situational and personal anxiety; peer behavior and internal assistance; self and anti-empathy, situational and personal anxiety, as well as a negative correlation between the indicators of aggression towards formal external society and assistance not to the detriment of oneself.
direction of aggression, factors of aggression, integral empathy, forms of empathy, anxiety, adolescence.
RELATIONSHIP OF LOCUS OF CONTROL AND EDUCATIONAL MOTIVATION OF PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS
The article is focused on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the relationship between the locus of control and motivation of educational activities of psychology students. To conduct the study, a series of theoretical (analysis and synthesis of literature on the research problem) and psychodiagnostic methods was used, such as “Diagnostics of students’ educational motivation” (A.O. Rean and V.A. Yakunin, modified by N. Ts. Badmaeva), “Determination of the level of subjective control” (E.F. Bazhyn, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind). The relationship between the indicators obtained was determined by correlation analysis (r-Spearman). The total sample of the study consisted of 90 people - third- and fourth-year students of Vadym Getman KNEU, Borys Grinchenko KSU and Mykhailo Dragomanov USU. The age and gender of the respondents were not taken into account in the study. According to the study results, the most pronounced (in descending order) motives among the students are communication motives, prestige and professional motives, motives to avoid troubles and complaints. In addition, a significant number of students study at higher education institutions only to obtain a higher education diploma, and because they like the social role of the student. Most students are dominated by extrinsic motivation and an external locus of control. It has been established that the level of subjective control of psychology students affects the motivation of their educational activities. Students with an internal locus of control have a predominant internal motivation and study at higher education institutions, primarily for the purpose of gaining knowledge and future successful professional activities. Higher education students with an external locus of control have mainly external learning motivation and their goal is primarily to obtain a good grade, diploma, scholarship, teacher and classmates’ approval, rather than mastering the content of academic subjects or gaining deep professional knowledge. Thus, the results of the correlation analysis have empirically proven the existence of a sufficiently pronounced relationship between the level of subjective control of psychology students and the motivation of their learning activities.
learning activity, extrinsic learning motivation, intrinsic learning motivation, internal locus of control, external locus of control.
ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF HARDINESS IN THE PARADIGM OF MODERN SCIENCE
The article is dedicated to the study of the phenomenon of hardiness within the paradigm of modern science. The concept of hardiness has been clarified, as it serves as a fundamental lever for the realization of personal potential in various life circumstances. The psychological content of the key components of hardiness has been revealed: Commitment (interest and active participation in life events), Control (belief in the ability to influence situations), and Risk acceptance (willingness to act in uncertain conditions). These components are crucial in the study of the phenomenon of hardiness. Emphasis is placed on the issues of hardiness that are being studied both abroad and in Ukraine, as well as on the perspectives of scientists who have recently implemented training programs aimed at enhancing the hardiness of youth and specific population groups. Based on the analysis of theories and viewpoints of contemporary Ukrainian and foreign scholars, the conditions that contribute to the development of personal hardiness have been identified and substantiated. The conditions for personality development under the influence of challenging life situations have been examined. The impact of increased hardiness on the physical and mental health of young people, as well as their successful adaptation to stressful situations, has been analyzed. One such situation is the war and military actions in Ukraine. The phenomenon of hardiness has been considered in terms of overcoming difficulties and neutralizing negative experiences throughout a person’s life, as individuals constantly face various challenges of different levels. Similarities in the patterns of reasoning among modern Ukrainian and foreign scientists regarding the phenomenon of hardiness and the prospects for further research on this issue have been identified. The psychological content of the mechanisms that enable individuals to withstand stress through factors affecting personal hardiness has been analyzed. Based on the studied material, a personal view on the phenomenon of hardiness, personal hardiness, and the associated mechanisms shaping their interaction has been formed. The author proposes a comprehensive vision of this issue, taking into account the ongoing war events in Ukraine.
the phenomenon of hardiness, hardiness, modern science, war, psychological resilience, personality, Ukraine.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE INJURED DURING THE WAR IN UKRAINE
The main topic of research is the provision of psychological assistance to people affected by war to reduce the symptoms of traumatic stress, depression, anxiety disorders and other mental problems. War leads to significant psychological trauma, which has long-term consequences for the mental health of the victims. The problem is the high level of mental disorders among these people, which requires immediate intervention and psychological support. Without proper help, these disorders can greatly complicate their daily life and social adaptation. The object of the study is victims of the war in Ukraine, who need psychological help to restore their mental health and return to normal life. They face challenges, including the loss of loved ones, homes, jobs, and witnessing violence and destruction. This contributes to the development of serious mental problems that must be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of various approaches in reducing the symptoms of mental disorders among war victims. The research focuses on such approaches as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), trauma-focused CBT, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), emotion-focused therapy (FTE), psychodynamic therapy, group therapy, crisis intervention. CBT aims to change negative thought patterns and behaviors, which helps reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Trauma-focused CBT specializes in working with traumatic memories and associated emotions. CBT combines cognitive-behavioral techniques with mindfulness and emotional regulation techniques, which is helpful for clients with emotional dysregulation and self-destructive behaviors. FTE helps clients recognize, express and process their emotions, which helps improve emotional health and reduce stress levels. The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of these approaches in reducing the symptoms of mental disorders among war victims. The study also emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to provide psychological care, which includes multidisciplinary teams of specialists, integration of psychosocial support into the health care system, and the development of new psychotherapeutic methods that take into account the specifics of war-related traumatic experiences.
psychological assistance, victims of the war in Ukraine, mental health, traumatic stress, depression, anxiety disorders, integration of support, therapy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT PERSONALITY PROPENSITY TO EMOTIONAL DEPENDENCE
The article examines in detail the psychological features of the tendency to emotional dependence in an adult individual. The main attention is focused on the key role of emotional dependence in the psychological functioning of adults, revealing its profound impact on various aspects of the quality of life of an individual. The key components are considered, such as: the feeling of one's own emotions, the use of self-regulation strategies, empathic manifestations and the level of self-esteem. Various factors that influence the development of emotional dependence in adulthood, including interpersonal interaction, family upbringing and individual characteristics of an adult personality are studied. The problem of emotional dependence acquires particular importance in adulthood, when an individual usually has to achieve a certain level of emotional autonomy and independence. The lack of emotional independence can lead to the emergence of codependent relationships, which makes it difficult to develop healthy and mature interpersonal relationships. In the study of this problem, the issues of identifying psychological factors that contribute to the tendency to emotional dependence in adulthood play an important role. The study of these aspects is relevant for psychological science, as it allows for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of development of dependent relationships, as well as the development of effective psychological strategies for overcoming them. In a general sense, this study not only enriches the understanding of emotional dependence in adulthood, but also emphasizes its key role in shaping individual well-being and social dynamics. The way forward to further research and application of this knowledge is to work on creating methods of psychocorrection that will contribute to the development of ways to reduce the level of emotional dependence, contributing to greater emotional stability. The conclusions of the article can be useful for researchers, practicing psychologists and everyone who is interested in the issues of psychology and emotional dependence.
emotional dependence, adulthood, development, psychological functioning, quality of life, emotional stability.
THE IMPACT OF HEALTHY SEXUALITY ON THE INTERPRETATION OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE SELF
The article considers the theoretical analysis of the problem of the influence of an individual's healthy sexuality on the interpretation of information about the “self”. A significant stage for the psychological formation of a person as a holistic individual who accepts and understands their physiological and psychological characteristics is the development of self-perception and interpretation of their own “self” (i.e., self-concept) in the context of the genesis of sexuality as a personality trait. For a detailed study of this issue, we used such methods as analysis, systematization and synthesis of scientific literature, abstraction, induction, and deduction. As a result of the theoretical and methodological analysis, we have determined that the concept of “healthy sexuality” is an integral part of the psychosocial activity of an individual, which acts as a personal trait of the self-concept and ensuring a profound process of positive self-perception as a person endowed with sexual feelings and qualities, which, when necessary, can be expressed in building relationships with other people. The conducted analysis of the problem studied allows us to conclude that sexuality is a complex formation encompassing psychological, social, and biological factors, the interaction of which leads to its healthy or pathological development. A significant influence on the development of healthy sexuality is the sexual self-esteem of the individual, which determines the nature of the interpretation of information about the self, changing cognitive ideas of their sexual characteristics and the interpretation of their sexuality. We can see the prospects for our further research in conducting an empirical analysis in this direction, continuing to consider the issue of the influence of biopsychosocial factors on the process of healthy sexuality formation in more detail.
sexuality, healthy sexuality, gender identity, sexual orientation, interpretation of information about the self, self-concept.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF WAR FOR CHILDREN WITH NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS: DIAGNOSIS AND REHABILITATION
War is a violation of the fundamental rights of the child, which can have a long-term negative impact on their physical and mental health, as well as their overall development. The psychological consequences of war for children with neuropsychiatric disorders include immediate stress reactions, an increased risk of developing specific mental disorders, and long-term difficulties in adaptation. A forced separation from parents significantly deepens the psychological trauma of such children. It is important to provide a comprehensive and multi-level system of trauma care focused on strengthening resilience and restoring a sense of security. The aim of the study is to analyze the psychological consequences of war for children with neuropsychiatric disorders and develop effective diagnostic and rehabilitation approaches. The research methods include a literature review, clinical examination using psychodiagnostic techniques, questionnaires of children and their parents, as well as the development and testing of rehabilitation programs with subsequent comparative analysis of the results. The peculiarities of the manifestation of PTSD, depression, anxiety and stress in children before and after CBT were studied and assessed. The results of the assessment showed positive dynamics, in particular, the number of children without symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety and stress increased. A decrease in the number of children with an average level of symptoms was recorded, especially in depression and anxiety. High-level indicators remained at a stable low level, which indicates the effectiveness of the therapy. The results obtained confirm the importance of continuing medical and psychological care, which helps reduce the severity of symptoms and contributes to the improvement of the general mental state of children. It is important to develop and implement effective and accessible models of multisectoral cooperation and therapy, which primarily depend on family doctors and primary care doctors in conflict zones. In this article, we provide a brief overview of the diagnosis and rehabilitation of vulnerable groups, i.e. children.
psychological consequences, war, children, neuropsychiatric disorders, diagnosis, rehabilitation, mental health, adaptation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HARDINESS AND WELL-BEING OF ADOLESCENTS
The article is focused on the theoretical concept of resilience and psychological well-being of adolescents within the context of contemporary events. Based on the research of modern foreign and domestic scientists, the concept of resilience is highlighted. The concept of psychological well-being in general and the significance of this concept for adolescents in the context of military events in Ukraine are considered. Emphasis is placed on adolescence as a critical period of personality development, which involves significant changes at the emotional, social and cognitive levels. It is revealed that during this period, basic psychological characteristics are formed that affect the resilience and psychological well-being of an adolescent. On the basis of foreign and Ukrainian research in recent years, the psychological mechanisms that affect the well-being of adolescents in the context of modern social challenges have been revealed. The article considers such key factors as emotional regulation, social support, family relationships, and self-esteem, which are among the main factors of resilience. Particular attention is paid to the roles of self-regulation and the ability of adolescents to adapt to stressful situations. The components and criteria for the psychological well-being of an adolescent personality, as well as the factors that influence it, are clearly defined. Psychological well-being is viewed as a complex subjective experience that includes: difficult life satisfaction, a sense of happiness, and overriding the positive emotions. The primary criteria for determining psychological well-being include high-quality social and interpersonal relationships, emotional comfort, positive self-perception, and successful self-realization in educational, recreational and creative activities, physical health, as well as successful self-realization of adolescents in educational and creative activities. The article highlights the close connection of resilience formation and the core criteria of psychological well-being. The criteria for social well-being are outlined through the concepts of self-determination and relationships, emphasizing the ability to function optimally in social environments. These include social acceptance, actualization, contribution, integration, significance and realization, as well as involvement in social interactions, strong relationships with loved ones, social approval, a safe environment and the atmosphere of psychological comfort. The article outlines the factors that influence a child’s psychological well-being, such as family upbringing, family microclimate, a pedagogical communication style of school teachers, and relationships within the school community and among peers. It is noted that depending on the child's age, the content of psychological well-being criteria and the significance of certain factors may vary. Finally, the article identifies specific factors that have a significant impact on adolescents’ psychological well-being.
resilience, psychological well-being, adolescence, war, emotional regulation, social support, self-esteem, stress.
COMMUNICATIVE AND ORGANIZATIONAL ABILITIES IN THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF MILITARY MEDICAL INSTITUTION PERSONNEL
The article examines the place and role of communicative and organizational abilities within the structure of socio-psychological competence among military medical institution personnel. The research establishes that socio-psychological competence represents an integrative characteristic of a personality, encompassing a system of knowledge, skills, aptitudes, and personal qualities organized into cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and value-motivational components. The study elucidates the specificity of professional communication in military medical environments, characterized by elevated stress levels, temporal constraints, necessity for military subordination adherence, and heightened responsibility for decision-making. Statistically significant differences between nurses and physicians have been identified in terms of key indicators of communicative and organizational abilities. The findings demonstrate that nurses exhibit a higher level of communicative abilities compared to physicians that correlates with the distinctive features of their professional role involving more prolonged and direct patient contact. Concurrently, physicians display superior organizational abilities relative to nurses, attributable to the specificity of their practice associated with clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and medical personnel coordination. The research synthesizes regulatory mechanisms of communication, wherein physicians demonstrate significantly higher levels of self-control in communication, listening skills, and ability to articulate thoughts compared to nurses. Based on the research results, key factors forming the structure of socio-psychological competence of military medical personnel have been identified, accounting for the specificity of professional roles. For nurses, such factors include adaptive interpersonal competence, practical resilience and organizational abilities, nonverbal sensitivity, and effective communication. For physicians emotional regulation and hardiness in professional contexts, reflexive-adaptive competence, and resilience in complex and problematic situations are outlined. Conclusions are drawn regarding the necessity of a differentiated approach to developing communicative and organizational abilities of medical personnel, taking into account the specificity of their professional activities.
communicative abilities, organizational abilities, socio-psychological competence, military medical institutions, physicians, nurses, regulatory mechanisms of communication, professional activity.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AND REFLECTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION APPLICANTS
The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis and empirical study of the relationship between social intelligence and reflection in Ukrainian higher education students (n=240). It has been established that social intelligence is a complex integrated set of personality abilities that ensure success in interactions with people. The generalization of the results of the study of modern scholars on the selected issue confirmed the lack of targeted scientific interest in the issue of the relationship between social intelligence and reflection in Ukrainian higher education students with normotypical development. The theoretical (analysis, comparison, generalization), empirical (the Social Intelligence Test by J. Guilford and M. O'Sullivan, the Differential Type of Reflection questionnaire) and mathematical statistics methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient) were used. The predominance of average and below average levels of general indicator of social intelligence was recorded. Subjects with these levels are able to correctly understand the motives and predict the behavior of other people, determine their non-verbal and verbal expression in almost all social interactions, respectively. The level analysis of reflection indicators revealed that significantly more than half of higher education students have a high level of systemic reflection, which is self-distancing and a person's view of themselves as if from the outside, enabling them to simultaneously cover the poles of subject and object. The predominance of medium (55.0%) and high (30%) levels of introspection in the subjects indicates their focus on their own mental state and experiences. A high level of quasi-reflection was found in 50.0 % of the subjects that proves their ability to direct their attention to an object that is not related to the current situation of life and indicates detachment from this situation. Statistically significant relationships of the general indicator of social intelligence with systemic reflection and weak relationships with introspection and quasi-reflection are stated.
social intelligence, reflection, quasi-reflection, systemic reflection, introspection, higher education applicants.